Marketing Education Policy and Management

Question: Discuss about the Marketing for Education Policy and Management. Answer: Introduction: The universities of Australia are undergoing significant reform and change. The governmental policy and others have contributed to the success of Australian universities. Victoria University is no exception to this aspect. The university is characterized by a decent level of market share which accounts for nearly thirty percent of revenue. Victoria University is located in Melbourne. However, it is difficult for the varsity to operate and command a sizeable share of the entire industry. The University maintains strong industry connections in education so that every individual associated with the University are benefitted. VU or Victoria University assumed the status of a university in 1990. After a downturn from 2010, the universitys fortune experienced a turn-around since 2013 (Mazzarol and Soutar 2012). VU achieved double-digit growth in 2014. Victoria University is esteemed for providing high-quality education to innumerable students from around the world. Each year the varsity at tracts as many as forty-six thousand students globally. The education industry is robust and estimates around AUD 1.7 billion of which approximately 600 million is dedicated to technical education. The US is followed by Australia when it comes to higher education. Also, education is Australias second largest export sector. Barring tourism, it is the third largest exporter which contributes around USD 17.2 billion economy which amounts to 23.2 percent from the preceding year (Shah and Sid Nair 2013). Marketing environment At the outset, it is clear that Victoria University is based in Melbourne which boasts of being the cultural and sporting capital of the region. It is currently the destination of more than 4.35 million resources from over 140 nations. With students hailing from more than 100 nations, Victoria University is one of the culturally diverse education institutions in the region. The varsity is identified as one of the fast-growing multicultural institutions in Australia. As stated earlier, the education market contributes around USD 17.2 billion in export income of the nation. It had faced an increase of 23.2 percent from preceding year (Casidy 2014). The total revenue of educational industry amounts to USD 78,690 million. The growth regarding revenue totals around 3.5 percent. The higher education sector, in particular, the universities is a home to the substantial share of international students in Australia. This amounts to around 48 percent of total enrolment in June 2015. The ABS or Australian Bureau of Statistics reveals that the market wherein Victoria University operates in reached a record high of AUD 18.1 billion or USD 13.15 billion for the previous fiscal year. Also, education is a major employer who supports as many as 1,30,000 jobs across the regions and cities (Waters et al. 2015). Target segmentation The degree of the gap in perception to the performance of Victoria University along with second tier universities is large. The university in consideration is focused on the creation of a differentiated place in the market. Previously, there was less difference between various Australian universities due to levels of competition and other factors. The university in consideration requires more needs to carve out distinct positions in the education market. Victoria University has placed emphasis on being the student based institution (Shah and Richardson 2016). It conducts extensive student experience research and seeks to develop student experience consequently. Victoria University operates in a more competitive and consumer-driven market in Australia. Techniques and strategies used in other industry conditions for instance multi-brand strategies and psychographic segmentations may be considered (Harris and Ammermann 2016). The university should consider creating sub-brands for target ing new student segments without dismantling the position of the actual entity. Victoria University could create an alternative brand for instance in the delivery of education model to reap the advantage of mass market volumes along with maintaining the reputation of being a world-class university. On the other hand, Victoria University may mull over the creation of new brand and establishment to open up or grow new segments. Besides, the university has deployed the principal factors of psychographic segmentation to changeable degrees. It has defined targeting students using the principles of psychographic segmentation and has aligned to a full range of programs brand and marketing and student experience. The executives of the University have strategies that encompass over the core product. The core product, in this case, is focused on a wide range and diverse programs namely Bachelor degree courses to the certificate, diploma, and Master Degree curriculums. However, in some cases, the course offerings and programs are of sufficient quality which attracts the strong level of basic demands. Thus psychographic need seems to be the focal point. Victoria University functions in an increasingly competitive and consumer-driven market wherein the consumers are deemed to be students. The risk exists in being an incumbent competitor who wins market share by getting closer to the students by formulating new programs or for that matter experiences that directly matches students preferences and needs (Cucchiara 2016). Customer behavior Victoria University aims to adopt psychographic segmentation model while analyzing customer or students behavior. The university aims to profile the students and applicants to understand how students hailing from a wide geographic territory perceive the institution. This would help the varsity to improve the marketing of its core product which is education. The primary use of psychographics is helpful in the understanding of the markets wherefrom the students belong to. A viable psychographic analysis would help Victoria University to drift from reliance on geographical considerations which would assist them to shape various academic programs coupled with student delivery and marketing communications. The investigation identifies varied differentiated psychographic segments among first-entry undergrads. The primary cultural factors also deserve special mention in this regard. The university in consideration incorporates changing cultural values of young Australians. It goes without s aying that the university has framed some academic programs which are concurrent to social class and attitudes of the incumbents who flock in the esteemed venue of the University. Different students fall in different social backgrounds. Thus the institution has framed various cost effective courses which cater to the wide range of students hailing from diverse backgrounds (Mainardes et al. 2014). Marketing Mix The University in reflection targets a wide range of students hailing from various geographies and backgrounds. Price: Victoria University offers vocational education and subsidized courses to its students. Postgraduate courses are usually full fee paying which comes with certain exceptions. The prices of academic programs reflect the service qualities provided to the students (Tayar and Jack 2013). Place: Victoria University is located in Melbourne which is referred to be service center and provides competitive edge thereby attracting more students. Promotion: The organization promotes through the website, media namely, television, the internet and educational magazines. People: The resources mean faculty and non-teaching community associated with Victoria University. Competent individuals having Ph.D. and Masters degree are considered while selection for faculty division. Process: The entire service process is devoid of hassles and technology-based which makes admission and other aspects easy and unperturbed (Drew 2013). Recommendations Victoria University is a name to reckon with in the education sector of Australia. University strategy is usually led by the vice-chancellor. The university leaders should be consistent while recruiting best people for various positions. The university intending to accentuate marketing opportunities should invest in online campaign and promotional activities to draw students. The university should aim to make the admission process more simplified which makes an entry point for the students convenient. The organization should heighten digital communication practices to attract more students. Moreover, it should partner with regional institutions based in locations other than Australia which would increase the face value of the university. The institute should maintain a strong alumni base which is effective in drawing potential students into the university. Reference list Casidy, R., 2014. Linking brand orientation with service quality, satisfaction, and positive word-of-mouth: Evidence from the higher education sector. Journal of Nonprofit Public Sector Marketing, 26(2), pp.142-161. Cucchiara, M., 2016. Thinking Locally: Attending to Social Context in Studies of Marketing and Public Education. Peabody Journal of Education, 91(1), pp.121-130. Drew, C., 2013. Elitism for sale: Promoting the elite school online in the competitive educational marketplace. Australian Journal of Education, 57(2), pp.174-184. Harris, A. and Ammermann, M., 2016. The changing face of creativity in Australian education. Teaching Education, 27(1), pp.103-113. Mainardes, E.W., Raposo, M. and Alves, H., 2014. Universities need a market orientation to attract non-traditional stakeholders as new financing sources. Public Organization Review, 14(2), pp.159-171. Mazzarol, T. and Soutar, G.N., 2012. Revisiting the global market for higher education. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 24(5), pp.717-737. Shah, M. and Richardson, J.T., 2016. Is the enhancement of student experience a strategic priority in Australian universities?. Higher Education Research Development, 35(2), pp.352-364. Shah, M. and Sid Nair, C., 2013. Private for-profit higher education in Australia: widening access, participation and opportunities for public-private collaboration. Higher Education Research Development, 32(5), pp.820-832. Tayar, M. and Jack, R., 2013. Prestige-oriented market entry strategy: the case of Australian universities. Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management, 35(2), pp.153-166. Waters, M., Simon, L., Simons, M., Davids, J. and Harreveld, B., 2015. A case for scholarly activity in vocational education in Australia. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 5(1), pp.14-31.

Keeping DDT or Against DDT

This paper argues in favor of keeping dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) to control malaria because of its persistence, broad toxicity against insects, low cost, and insoluble nature and opposes the argument in favor of doing away with DDT.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Keeping DDT or Against DDT specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A synthesis of experimental results in which biopsy specimens were used to develop the argument against the use of DDT on the premise that chronic exposure of the highly lipid and carcinogenic DDT and its principal metabolite dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethylene (DDE) on human beings led to the bioaccumulation of DDT in fatty tissues (adipose), showed little evidence in support of the argument (Breman, Alilio White, 2007). Breman, Alilio and White (2007) argue that there is no independently replicated study which shows that bio accumulation of DDT causes cancer, underweight births , and an increase in the prevalence of hermaphrodites. An epidemiological and estrogenic assessment of the carcinogenicity of DDT shows no insignificant levels of DDT in fatty tissues and the risk that organochlorines cause cancer. Research shows that DDT has low toxic effects on human health, but causes minimal side effects such as dizziness, prickling sensation of the mouth, headache, vomiting, lethargy, and fatigue when sprayed (Breman, Alilio White, 2007). There is no conclusive evidence based on epidemiological and experimental studies on carcinogenetic effects of DDT on human health which leads to deleterious reproductive health effects. Hemingway, Beaty, Rowland, Scott and Sharp (2006) argue that dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is the single most cost effective vector control agent against malaria, filariasis, and dengue fever. Hemingway et. al., (2006) argue that many countries have reversed the adverse effects of malaria by spraying DDT because of the high morbidity and mortality of malaria. Estimates show that malaria causes 2.5 million deaths annually in Africa (Kazura, 2007). According to Kazura (2007), malaria causes the death of 5 children under the age of 5 years in every 5 seconds in Africa. According to Kazura (2007), more than 70% of malaria incidences in Africa are caused by clinical plasmodium falciparum, which is the leading cause of 18% of the deaths among the children. According to Kazura (2007), millions of cases of malaria have been reduced by spraying DDT. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the use of DDT to control malaria in episodic transmission areas and supports limited use of DDT as an inexpensive option of controlling the prevalence of malaria in poor countries (Indoor Residual Spraying, 2012). A research by Indoor Residual Spraying (2012) supports the argument in favor of keeping DDT because the climate in Africa facilitates biodegradation of DDT once it has been sprayed, reducing its persistence and prevale nce levels.Advertising Looking for term paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analytically, â€Å"spraying DDT to control malaria is less frequent, intensive, more controlled, and cost effective† (Kazura, 2007). The best practices of spraying DDT includes spraying the interior surfaces of buildings leaving a small residual percentage of DDT of 2 g/m2, leading to a minimal environmental effect and trivial effects on people’s health (Kazura, 2007). The cost of using DDT to control malaria outweighs the unreasonable speculation associated health risks (Indoor Residual Spraying, 2012). In conclusion, the use of DDT should not be discontinued because it is the proven single most effective agent against malaria. There is need for research to discover the best method to use DDT to minimize its effects on human health. References Breman, J. G., Alilio, M.S. White, N. J. (2007). Defining and Defeatin g the Intolerable Burden of Malaria III: Progress and Perspectives: of American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 77(6), 12-15. Hemingway, J., Beaty, B.J., Rowland, M, Scott, T.W, Sharp, B. L. (2006). The Innovative Vector Control Consortium: improved control of mosquito-borne diseases. Trends Parasitol, 22 (1), 308–31. Indoor Residual Spraying, (2012), Web. Kazura, J. W. (2007). The Continuing Evolution of the, American Journal of Tropical Medicine Hygiene. Official journal of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1(1), 9-16. This term paper on Keeping DDT or Against DDT was written and submitted by user Jaliyah Wolf to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Great Recession free essay sample

Our 2007-2008 financial crisis is blamed on cheap mortgage credit, including lax underwriting process and government policies. In 2003, the government passed the American Dream Development Act, which provided financing to low-income families. Trying to help lower middle class families, the policy led to mortgage subprime mortgages. Financing to families with low credit rating at high interest rates. Since a large part of the population is middle to lower class, an exhaustible demand for new homes was created. As a result, creating a bubble in home price. Some of these mortgages include Interest only (monthly payment pays nothing to the principal, thus never decreasing the principal amount financed), and Adjustable Rate Mortgage, which consists of lowering or increasing rates every year depending on market interest rate. This type of mortgage can be beneficial in times like this; but back in 2006, when interest rates were so high, many mortgages monthly payments increase more than 10% in just one month. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Recession or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As Interest rates increased, subprime mortgages started to default exponentially since new homebuyers were unable to meet the monthly payments. This led to the collapse of home prices. This period of time is called the Great recession. The increase in subprime defaults reduces aggregate income and increases aggregate home prices, which in turn increases the level of prime defaults in the economy. This is called the subprime contagion. How did the government react? The government used fiscal policy to stabilize interest rates, reduce unemployment and increase GDP, they issued a program of Easy Credit, letting subprime borrow at a prime borrower spread. Also, they gave a Tax Rebate in 2008 of $8,000 for First time homebuyers, and for those in default they issued the Distress Relief program of HAMP (Home Affordable Modification Program). On the other hand, the Fed used monetary policy to reduce the economic crises and spur investments and consumption. They reduce the rate at discount window, increase money supply to reduce rates and they purchase mortgage-backed securities. Using Monetary Policy in a recession is more effective because it acts faster than fiscal policy. Fiscal policy has go through a various committees and has to be voted on to be made into law. As a conclusion, there is a contagion effect od subprime default due to the negative impact of subprime defaults on aggregate income, and monetary policy is the most effective when dealing with a recession. Monetary policy increases home aggregate prices in contrast to alternative government fiscal policies designed to loosen mortgage credit.

The Native American Culture In The Red Convertible Essays

The Native American Culture In The Red Convertible Essays The Native American Culture In The Red Convertible The Native American Culture in The Red Convertible In the short story The Red Convertible, by Louise Erdrich, the author, contrasts the old way of life versus the new. Erdrich does this through metaphorical symbols: the color red, convertible, summer trip, and the fancy dance Henry performs before his death (Erdrich p. 468). In the story, the color red symbolizes many things. The convertible is red. Lyman also said his brother, had a nose big and sharp as a hatchet, like the nose on Red Tomahawk (Erdrich p. 467). Also when the brothers took their final journey Lyman says, We started off east, toward Pembina and the Red River (Erdrich p. 467). The color red, in this story, represents Henry's will to be free. The convertible appears in a bright red because, while driving the car, Henry feels trapped by the white man's war (Erdrich p. 467). By returning to the Red River Henry regains his spiritual freedom. According to The American Heritage book of Indians, the Red Sticks were and anti-American faction that fought to keep the white man out, and their heritage strong (p. 221). With this information, the Red Sticks, and the color red, represented in the story can be linked in their feelings with anti-Americanism (The American Heritage book of Indians p. 221). Lyman says, He said he wanted to give the car to me for good now, it was no use (Erdrich p. 468). By Henry giving Lyman the red convertible, he is foreshadowing his death. In the Chippawa culture gifts are given to the family of the deceased (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 16). A remnant of the deceased was kept, wrapped in birch bark, this spirit bundle was then kept for a year and later given to the family (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 16). Lyman knows that Henry is preparing him for Henry's death by giving him the car. Lyman states, No way. I don't want it, referring to the car (Erdrich p. 468). Lyman refuses this gift because he does not want Henry to die. The red convertible also represents a curative charm (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 19). In the Chippawa culture, a charm was given to the injured or diseased. This charm was used in many ways to: stimulate love, attract wealth, insure a successful journey, and to counteract evil (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 1 9). The charm consisted of an artifact that represented the individual or a figurine (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 19). The car was Henry's charm form Lyman. Lyman states, I thought the car might bring the old Henry back somehow (Erdrich p. 466). Lyman could see Henry was sick, so by reconnection Henry with the car, he thought the Henry would get better. To understand why the brothers took tow trips, one to Alaska, and the other at the end of the story, the Nomadic lifestyle of the Chippawas must be examined. The Chippawas led a seminomadic life, dependent upon the seasons (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 10). At the beginning of the story, Henry and Lyman venture off for the summer. The brothers end up in Alaska, which symbolizes their search for new hunting ground (The Chippawas of Lake Superior p. 11). The final journey, that the boys embark on, represents Henry's return to nature. Lyman identifies Henry's feeling by stating, When everything starts changing, drying up, clearing off, you feel like your whole life is starting. Henry felt it too (Erdrich p. 467). When Henry and Lyman reach their final destination, something comes over Henry. Lyman identifies this change when he states, I think it's the old Henry (Erdrich p. 468). However, Lyman doesn't understand Henry's next move when he says, He throws off his jacket and starts springing his legs up form the knees like a fancy dancer...He's wild (Erdrich p. 468). To understand Henry's fancy dancing, the reader must be aware of the cultural ties the Chippawa have to dancing. The origin of the Chippawa dancing drum is told through an old legend (The Ojibwa Dance Drum p. 44). The legend begins with an old Indian woman, who lost her four sons

Case Study Analysis Campus Response to a Student Gunman Essay

Case Study Analysis Campus Response to a Student Gunman - Essay Example The research approach used in the study under examination has similarities with the traditional paradigm, as a tool for identifying the causes and consequences of a particular problem – as in the study of Asmussen and Creswell. However, the traditional paradigm is not appropriate for the case under discussion, since it involves in the following problems: it cannot be used when the sample available in the research is quite small; moreover, it cannot be used when the variables of the research are not stable – another problem of the research conducted by Asmussen and Creswell. The interpretivist paradigm used in the case under examination can face the above two problems, using the above rules: the assumption that is most reasonable is set as a priority – referring to the case that the testimonies on the events examined are contradictory, as in the research conducted by Asmussen and Creswell. Moreover, the interpretivist paradigm is differentiated from the traditiona l paradigm at the following point: the findings of the research are likely to be descriptive – and not quantitative, as in the case of traditional paradigm.... The interpretivist paradigm used in the case under examination can face the above two problems, using the above rules: the assumption that is most reasonable is set as a priority – referring to the case that the testimonies on the events examined are contradictory, as in the research conducted by Asmussen and Creswell. Moreover, the interpretivist paradigm is differentiated from the traditional paradigm at the following point: the findings of the research are likely to be descriptive – and not quantitative, as in the case of traditional paradigm. What is its ontological assumption? Phenomenography – as part of the interpretivist paradigm – on which the research developed by Asmussen and Creswell is based – refers to the following ontological assumptions: a subjectivist one and a non-dualistic one; the former implies that the status of the world is pre-defined, cannot be changed, everything is placed in accordance with a particular order; the second implies that there are no two different worlds – the one of the researcher and the one described by participants; the world is one and this fact needs to be reflected to the discussion on the findings retrieved through phenomenography. What is its epistemological essence? The epistemological essence of phenomenography is reflected in the following principle: the assumptions produced in regard to the findings of the research need to be extensively justified – in the context that each fact is followed by its interpretation. However, at this point the following issue needs to be taken into consideration: the description of the events under examination may be different – across the participants; for this reason, it is necessary

Conclusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Conclusion - Essay Example Migraine has various negative effects on the lives of the patients suffering from it. After depressive disorders, migraine is the main reason why women take days off work, in high-income countries. Not only does it affect working women, but the onset of migraine in adolescents is also very common (Iseri & CabioÄŸlu, 2012). Migraine patients often feel that the headaches control their lives. Research has proven that patients think that migraine affects their quality of life and at times makes it impossible for them to live their life freely. However, it is one of those disorders, the effects of which, extend to the entire family, friends and other relationships (Rutberg & Ã" ¦hrling, 2009). Even though there have been various interventions and research studies regarding migraines, it has been very difficult for the nurses to help migraine patients deal with the symptoms. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments have been used to treat migraines in women. Acupuncture is a non-pharmacological treatment that has been found to be very effective when treating migraine headaches. Numerous research studies have been conducted over time to test the effectiveness of acupuncture for curing migraine (Iseri & CabioÄŸlu, 2012). The objective of this paper is to review and analyze the effectiveness of acupuncture against migraine in females. The paper investigates how acupuncture is more effective, and determine the veracity of it exhibiting fewer side effects, than analgesics for alleviation of migraine, in females between 25 to 55 years old, during the first few hours of administration. Therefore, the clinical question of interest is: from among female patients be tween the ages of 25 through 55 that had been diagnosed with migraine, is acupuncture more effective as it allegedly exhibit lesser side effects than analgesics, for alleviating the symptoms? Acupuncture is

British Fiction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

British Fiction - Essay Example Both of them are distinctive, and in many ways ground-breaking plays written by playwrights who are , in their way, regarded as quintessentially 'English' or 'British' in nature: if such as thing as British literature exists, it would be found within their work. First of all is there such a thing as "being British" At the most basic level "being British" would be someone who is born, raised or who hold British nationality. In this case both Pinter and Stoppard meet this crude "British" definition. Being British is also essentially an idea rather than a reality. It can be seen as adherence to a number of supposed national norms that the British display. Eccentricity, independence, an indomitable nature, reserve, politeness, intelligence, genius, empire, arrogance are all characteristics which can be said to be 'British', and thus it can be seen to be a number of often contradictory things. 'Contradiction' is one of the hallmarks of Absurdist Theatre and thus it is apt that The Caretaker is one of the first works of drama to be written within the genre called The Theatre of the Absurd. What can be said to be particularly 'English' about this work. ... mixture of threat, comedy, hopelessness and an ironic commentary upon working class lives that are based often upon endless combative exchanges of words. The characters make fun of their situations in a manner that is both vaguely threatening and funny. For example, Mick gives an exaggerated description of what the hopelessly run-down house could be: MICK: We could turn this place into a penthouse. For instance this room. This room could have been the kitchen. Right size, nice window, sun comes in. I'd have I'd have teal-blue, copper and parchment linoleum squares. I'd have those colours re-echoed in the walls. I'd offset the kitchen units with charcoal-grey worktops. Plenty of room for cupboards for the crockery. We'd have a small wall cupboard, a large wall cupboard, a corner wall cupboard with revolving shelves. You shouldn't be short of cupboards. You could put the dining-room across the landing, see Yes. Venetian blinds on the window, cork floor, cork tiles. You could have an off-white pile linen rug, a table in... in afromosia teak veneer, sideboard with matte black drawers, armchairs in oatmeal tweed, a beech frame settee with a woven sea-grass seat... (sits up) it wouldn't be a flat it'd be a palace. (Pinter, 1998) Mick is making fun of his brother's (as well as the tramp's) ridiculous plans for the house, and goes from the reasonable to the absurd in his descriptions. Take the description of the cupboard, which soon turns into a "large wall cupboard" and then on to the absurdly ambitious "cupboard with revolving shelves" (Pinter, 1998). Pinter is also commenting upon the pretentious of the English middle-class, and those such as his brother and new 'caretaker' who would want to be one of them. The details of this pretension, seething with sarcasm as they